The aim of Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters is the rapid publication of papers resulting from field work in ichthyology and the documentation of the biodiversity of freshwater fishes: • taxonomic diversity • ecological diversity • ethological diversity • reproductive diversity • zoogeographical diversity The emphasis is on tropical environments and fauna, but papers on subtropical and temperate fishes are also regularly published. The main focus is systematics and biology at the organism-level. Although no single approach is proscribed, the following kinds of articles have been published: • descriptions of new taxa, systematic revisions, and identification keys; • ecology, ethology, and reproductive biology, preferably based on field observation; • zoogeography and exploration reports; • data on status of threathened or endangered species and biota. Four fascicles of 96 pages (17 × 24 cm) are published each year, including many colour illustrations.